NUTR 2050 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Luteal Phase, Luteinizing Hormone, Conceptus
2 Feb 2017
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Fertility rate: actual production of children within populations. Healthy couples having regular, unprotected sex have a 20-25% chance of. Infertility: lack of conception after 1 year of unprotected sex pregnancy within a menstrual cycle. Miscarriage: loss of a conceptus in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy (spontaneous abortion) Subfertility: reduced level of fertility characterized by unusually long time to conception (over 12 months) or repeated pregnancy losses. During puberty females develop monthly menstrual cycles, to prepare an ovum for fertilization and uterus for implantation. Menstrual cycles result from complex interactions among hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland and the ovary. Menstrual cycle 26-29 days long on average. Established by interactions among hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and testes. Process is males is ongoing rather that cyclic. Fluctuating levels of gnrh signal release of rsh and lh which trigger production of testosterone. Mature sperm go to epididymis for storage. Sperm mix with other secretions to make semen.
