BIO 4115 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1-2: Histone H3, Sister Chromatids, Constitutive Heterochromatin
12 Apr 2020
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Site where 2 sister chromatids attach and kinetochore forms to allow for segregation. Nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin contains histone h3 variant. "cenp-a" which modi es nucleosome structure and the way dna is wrapped around the nucleosome giving rise to protruding dna ends for recruiting and assembling kinetochore proteins. List the general characteristics and the human nuclear & mitochondrial genomes. Compare and contrast the human nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Genome: complete set of (coding and non-coding) genes / genetic material in a cell or organism. Split into set of linear dna molecules (eukaryotes) # of chromosomes varies between organisms and complexity. Mitochondrial genome highly compact polycistronic: encode for multiple genes separately within the same mrna. Mitochondrial and nuclear genome are co-dependent nuclear a size. Explain, in general, the hierarchical organization of the human genome fellinto. Identify the main types of constitutive heterochromatin found on a chromosome.
