HSS 2342 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Amylose, Facilitated Diffusion, Tooth Enamel

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Health Sciences
• Course: HSS 2342
• Professor: Keir J Menzies

Document Summary

Chapter 4: the carbohydrates: sugars, starches and fibres. Two forms of carbohydrates: glucose and its storage form glycogen. Carbohydrate: composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; (ch2o)n; carbo means carbon, and hydrate means with water h2o. Simple carbohydrates: monosaccharides and disaccharides (the sugars) Dietary carbohydrate family: monosaccharides: single sugars. Glucose (also known as blood sugar or dextrose), fructose, and galactose. Glucose and galactose cyclohexane; fructose cyclopentane: disaccharides: sugars composed of pairs of monosaccharides. Lactose (glucose + galactose: polysaccharides: large molecules composed of chains of monosaccharides. All 3 have the same number and kinds of atoms, but in different arrangements. Chemical difference accounts for differences in sweetness: glucose mild sweet flavour, galactose not sweet at all, fructose intensely sweet as honey. In nature the five carbon and oxygen are rougly in a plane. Glucose and galactose basically look the same except the oh bond is flipped. Essential energy source for all the body"s activities significance to nutrition is tremendous.