NSG 2317 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Rib Cage, Umbilical Cord
12 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
4 major functions: supplying oxygen to the body for energy production, removing carbon dioxide as a waste product of energy reactions, maintaining homeostasis, maintaining heat exchange. Major feedback loop: humoral regulation (change in carbon dioxide and oxygen levels) Normal stimulus to breathe: hypercapnia increase in carbon dioxide in the blood. Decrease of oxygen (hypoxemia) also stimulates breathing. Mechanical expansion and contraction alters size in 2 dimensions: vertical diameter lengthens or shortens (downward & upward movement of dia. , anteroposterior diameter increases of decreases (elevation & depression of ribs) When umbilical cord is cut, blood is cut off from placenta & blood rushes into pulmonary circulation. Fetus increases oxygen demand; tidal volume is increased. Costal cartilages become calcified, reduces mobility of the thorax. Tuberculosis: mostly found in bc, ontario & quebec in canada; Asthma: (tobacco smoke & air quality influence) 10% of hospital admissions for children involved asthma. Diagnosed to more than 425,000 women (more than 4300 die from it)
