HLTC22H3 Chapter 6: Chapter 6 Textbook Notes

Which one of the following IS NOT a function of the Human Circulatory System?

Which one of the following paths shows the correct pathway for blood in the blood vessels?

A Heart Murmur is a defect in one or more heart valves that permits a backflow of blood and reduces the Blood volume output of the Heart.

The blood vascular system consists of blood vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and veins) that convey blood from the heart to the organs and back to the heart. This system should work so as to minimize the energy expended by the heart in pumping the blood. In particular, this energy is reduced when the resistance of the blood is lowered. One of Poiseuille’s Laws gives the resistance R of the blood as

where L is the length of the blood vessel, r is the radius, and C is a positive constant determined by the viscosity of the

(a) Use Poiseuille’s Law to show that the total resistance of the blood along the path ABC is

where a and b are the distances shown in the figure.

(b) Prove that this resistance is minimized when

(c) Find the optimal branching angle (correct to the nearest degree) when the radius of the smaller blood vessel is two-thirds the radius of the larger vessel.

An important aspect of this qustion is relatively the need to understand the Cardiovascular System/Circulatory System, in order to answer the question. The main role of the cardiovascular system is to move blood through the body. The composition includes: Heart, capillaries, veins and arteries. The system moves oxygenated blood from the lungs and heart through the whole body via arteries. Blood also travels through the capillaries that are found between the arteries and veins. There are multiple diseases that affect the Cardiovascular System Angina, Arrhythmia, Congenital Heart Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Myocardial Infarction, CHF, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Mitral Regurgitation, Mitral Valve Prolapse, Pulmonary Stenosis, etc. In Addition there are Vascular Diseases: Peripheral Artery Disease, Aneurism, Atherosclerosis, Renal Artery Disease, Raynauds Disease, Buerger’s Disease, Peripheral Venous Disease, Stroke, Venous Blood Clots, and Blood Clotting Disorders (American Heart Association, 2015). Multiple treatments exist for each and every one of these diseases, and hopefully more to come. American Heart Association. (2015). What is cardiovascular disease? Retrieved from http://www.heart.org.