PSYB01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Pseudoscience, Hindsight Bias, Infographic
Document Summary
Week 3 chapter 1: psychology as a science. We often use mental shortcuts (heuristics) to help us form impressions, make judgements, or make decisions: heuristics allow us to successfully interact with our world, but are not always perfect. Availability heuristic: mental shortcut strategy for judging the likelihood of an event or situation occurring based on how easily we can think of similar or relevant instances. Representative heuristic: a mental shortcut strategy for deciding the likelihood of an event by how much it resembles what we consider to be a typical example of that event. Better-than-average effect: the tendency to overestimate your skills, abilities, and performance when comparing yourself to others most people tend to consider themselves above average with respect to socially desirable qualities. Overconfidence phenomenon: tendency to be overly confident in the correctness of our own judgements. Hindsight bias: a sense that we knew it all along after we learn the actual outcome.
