PSYB01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Observer-Expectancy Effect, Construct Validity, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Sample may drawn from population using probability sampling / non-probability sampling . Use probability when it"s important to accurately describe the population. Use non-probability sampling when research is testing hypotheses . Focus of study is relationship between variable/test prediction derived from theory . Can use non-probability haphazard / convenience sampling . Larger sample size = result will statistically significant = more accurate estimate of population . Need to construct operational definition of variable to manipulate the independent variable . Need to turn conceptual variable into set of operation (e. g. instructions/events/stimuli) . Setting the stage : independent and dependent variable must introduced within context of setting . Two things to do in setting the stage: provide the participant with informed consent information , explain to participants why experiment is being conducted . No clear-cut rules, but setting must seem plausible to participants . Manipulate variable with relative simplicity by presenting written, verbal material to participants .