PSYB20H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Observational Learning, Signalling Theory, Self-Awareness
Document Summary
Each baby has their own unique temperament. Emotions; are subjective reactions to experience that are associated with physiological and behavioural changes. Emotions become increasingly social and include self conscious emotions, altruism and empathy. Early emotional responses include crying, smiling and laughing, self conscious emotions, altruistic helping and empathy and shared intentionality and collaborative activity. Crying is the primary way in which infants communicate their needs and is considered to (cid:271)e a(cid:374) (cid:862)ho(cid:374)est(cid:863) sig(cid:374)al of (cid:374)eed. The earliest smiles occur spontaneously after birth, as a result of subcortical nervous system activity. Social smiling, when newborns infants gaze at their parents and smile at them, develops in the second month of life. Laughter is a smile linked vocalization that becomes more common between 4 and 12 months when it may signify the most intense positive emotion. Anticipatory smiling, in which infants smile at an object and then gaze at an adult while continuing to smiles, rises sharply between 8 to 10 months.
