PSYB32H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Smoking Cessation, Implicit Cognition, Drug Enforcement Administration
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Alcohol consumption is the world"s third-largest risk factor for disease and disability in cigarettes, caffeine in soft drinks), to relax (alcohol), and to reduce pain (aspirin) North americans use drugs to wake up (caffeine in coffee or tea), to stay alert throughout the day (nicotine. The pathological use of substances was represented in two diagnostic categories: substance dependence: characterized by the primary symptoms of tolerance and withdrawal. Tolerance: indicated by either (1) larger doses of the substance being needed to produce the desired effect or (2) the effects of the drug becoming markedly less if the usual amount is taken. Failure to fulfill major obligations (e. g. , absences from work or neglect of children) Exposure to physical dangers (e. g. , operating machinery or driving while intoxicated) Legal problems (e. g. , arrests for disorderly conduct or traffic violations) Persistent social or interpersonal problems (e. g. , arguments with a spouse: martin et al. (cid:4666)(cid:884)(cid:882)(cid:882)(cid:890)(cid:4667): there"s a quantitative substance distinction rather than a qualitative.