PSYC62H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Pseudoephedrine, Stimulant, Local Anesthetic
Document Summary
Psychostimulant: act on the nervous system (increasing activity, common: amphetamines, methylphenidate, cocaine, cathinones therapeutic purposes (i. e. , amphetamines, cocaine) Ephedra: active ingredients: epherdrine, pseudoephedrine, herb/plant used for medicinal purposes. Amphetamines: 2 optical isomers, d or l form (mirror images, benzedrine racemix with both d and l conformations, metamphetamine treatment for adhd; crystal meth. Methylphenidate: diff structure from amphetines and cocaine, weak psychostimulant, treats adhd (cid:862)kiddie (cid:272)oke(cid:863) Amphetamines: raising bp 1920, treating adhd 1937, treatment for narcolepsy (daytime sleepiness) Cathinones: used recreationally, synthesized in soviet union, khat was discovered, named the plant catha edulis. Increase dopamine (da) levels by: expelling dopamine into synaptic cleft via da membrane transporters, high doses = prevent da storage; amph and metamph enter da vesicles and replace. Increase norepinephrine & serotonin levels via axonal terminals: prevent ser and ne storage. Methylphenidate + cathinones: rese(cid:373)(cid:271)les a(cid:373)pheta(cid:373)i(cid:374)e"s a(cid:272)tio(cid:374)s, (cid:271)ut less effi(cid:272)a(cid:272)y, prevent reuptake of da, ser, and ne, synthetic cathinones weaker potency than methamphetamine on da and ne reuptake.
