PSYD35H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Lethal Dose
Document Summary
The most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world. Belongs to a family of substances called xanthines, that also includes theophylline and theobromine: stimulate the cns, act on the kidneys to produce diuresis (urine), stimulate cardiac muscles, and relax smooth muscles. Occurs naturally in the coffee bean, the tea leaf, the kola nut, and the cocoa bean. Liver metabolized most caffeine into active stimulants, before the kidneys excrete it. Half-life varies from 2. 5 hours to 10 hours. Extended by alcohol and other medications, in infants, women taking oral contraceptives, pregnant women, the elderly, and patients with chronic liver disease. Half-life is shortened in cigarette smokers: metabolized by cyp-1a2. Certain ssris are potent inhibitors of cyp-1a2, and patients taking antidepressants can exhibit. Pharmacological effects unexpected toxicity of intolerance to caffeine: beneficial effects of caffeine: Coffee beans contain antioxidant compounds and has been associated with reduced concentrations of inflammatory markers. 2 cups a day protects against heart failure.
