PSYA02H3 Chapter 9: Chapter 9.pdf

• School: UTSC
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYA02H3
• Professor: John Bassili

Document Summary

Shaping: differential reinforcement of successive approximations of a target behaviour until the person exhibits the target behaviour. Differential reinforcement involves basic principle of reinforcement and extinction: occurs when one particular behaviour is reinforced and all other behaviours are not reinforced in a particular situation. Thus, behaviour that is reinforced increases and the ones not reinforced decreases through extinction. Shaping used for developing language: successive approximations or shaping steps include babbling, word sounds, part words, whole words, string of words and sentences. Timing is important in shaping want to deliver reinforcer at the exact instant that the correct approximation occurs. Why trainers establish clicking sound as reinforcer timing; and also, this conditioned reinforcer is used so dolphins don"t become satiated with fish. O"neill and garner used shaping to get mrs. f to walk again, and get mrs. s to increase the time between bathroom visits.