CHM135H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 15: Bond-Dissociation Energy, Acid Strength, Oxoacid
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CHM135H1 Full Course Notes
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Acids react with metals to yield h2 gas, change colour of litmus from blue to red. Bases feel slippery, change colour of litmus from red to blue. When acids and bases mixed, acidic and basic properties disappear, salts obtained. Arrhenius: acids are substances that dissociate in water to produce hydrogen ions (h+), bases are substances that dissociate to yield hydroxide ions (oh-) Arrhenius theory accounts for properties of many acids and bases, has limitations: Restricted to aqueous solutions, doesn"t account for basicity of substances without oh. Bronsted-lowry theory: acid any substance (molecule or ion) that can transfer proton (h+ ion) to another substance, base any substance that can accept proton. Acids proton donors, bases proton acceptors, acid-base reactions proton-transfer. Bronsted-lowry base: substance that can accept h+ (aq) + oh- (aq) + a- (aq) (aq) Ha + b bh+ + a- (aq) + a- (aq) Conjugate acid-base pairs: chemical species whose formulas differ by one proton.