HIS250Y1 Chapter 9: Serfdom & Society
Document Summary
Attempts to improve ecclesiastical organization and practices, and eliminate various abuses. Hundred-chapter (stoglav) council of 1661 dealt with matters in the life of the church. 1554 councils condemned russian heretics and heresies with roots in either protestantism or teachings of non-possessors. Church tried to limit the competition of catholicism and. Printing religious books to spread and standardize faith and ritual. Endeavored to gain control of far-flung monasteries and parish priests. Bringing moral teachings of christ into everyday life. Attempted to bring orthodox worship into conformity with the rest of eastern orthodoxy. Replaces two fingered sign with greek three-fingered sign of the cross. Rise of individualism in russian literature and art. Shops and studios of icon and portrait painting, gold and silversmith work. Kiev as a centre of education - more open to west, more enlightened. Diplomatic relations with farther nations (britain and sweden) Chapter 22: the reigns of catherine the great, 1762-96, and paul, 1796-1801.
