Management and Organizational Studies 2181A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Motivation, Clayton Alderfer, Merit Pay

• School: Western University
• Department: Management and Organizational Studies
• Course: Management and Organizational Studies 2181A/B
• Professor: Kyle Cameron

Document Summary

Expectancy theory theory that describes the cognitive process employees go through to make choices among different voluntary responses: employee behaviour is directed towards pleasure and away from pain (figure 7-2) Employees consider past accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, emotional cues. 5th/6th: meaning of money degree to which people view money as having symbolic, not just economic value. Men more likely to view money as representing achievement, respect, freedom. Employees with higher salaries more likely to view it as achievement-related. Younger employees less likely to view money in positive light relatively. Motivational force direction of effort is dictated by three beliefs: expectancy, instrumentality, valence (e->p, p->o, v: motivational force = e->p x (p->o x v, motivational forces equal zero if any of beliefs is zero. When goal commitment is high, assigning specific goals will have significant benefits to task performance: 25-40% of employees (microsoft) were not working under specific or measurable goals, smart goals specific, measurable, achievable, results-based, time-sensitive goals.