Psychology 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Implicit-Association Test, Amygdala, Murder Of Kitty Genovese
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PSYCH 1000 Full Course Notes
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Attributions: often made in everyday life, judgments about the causes of own and other behaviour and outcomes, ex. Attribution theory: maintained that attempts to understand why people behave as they do typically involve either personal or situational attributions. Infer that people"s behaviour is caused by their characteristics: bill insulted carl because bill is a rude person. Infer that aspects of the situation cause a behaviour: bill was provoked into insulting carl. Three types of information: determine attribution we make. Fundamental attribution error: underestimate impact of situation when explaining behaviours, overestimate role of personal factors when explaining behaviours, applies to how we perceive other people"s behaviour rather than our own. Have more information about present situation when making judgments about ourselves. Perceptual principle of figure-ground relations comes into play: reduced when people have time to reflect on judgments or highly motivated to be careful. Self-serving bias: protect self-esteem, relatively more personal attributions for successes and more situational attributes for failures.