EC120 Chapter Notes - Chapter 15: Profit Maximization, Market Power, Natural Monopoly

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12 Mar 2016
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Monopoly- a irm that is the sole seller of a product without close subsitutes. The main causes of monopolies are the barriers to entry: Monopoly resources: a key resource is owned by a single irm i. e. if there is one well in an enire town, then the owner can charge high prices. Gov"t-created monopolies: the gov"t givers a single irm the exclusive right to produce some good or service i. e. a drug company geing a patent on a drug the government deems to be original. Natural monopolies: a single irm can produce output at a lower cost than can a large number of producers i. e. a town might have a natural monopoly in the distribuion of water. The one irm already has the pipes to serve the town so the average total cost is lowest if a single irm serves the enire market.

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