EC260 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Demand Curve, Budget Constraint, Reservation Price

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coralwoodchuck884

24 Aug 2016

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A rational consumer maximizes his or her well-being given the prices of goods, personal tastes and preferences for goods, and income. Indifference curve: contains points representing market bundles among which the consumer is indifferent. Market bundles on higher indifference curves are preferred to bundles on lower indifference curves. Every indifference curve must slope downward and to the right, so long as the consumer prefers more of each commodity to less: If one market bundle on an indifference curve has more of one product than a second bundle, it must have less of the other product than the second bundle. If they did, it contradicts the assumption that more of a product is preferred. Marginal rate of substitution: # of units of product y that must be given up if the consumer, after receiving an extra unit of product x, is to maintain a constant level of satisfaction.

Related Questions

Microeconomics Four-part multiple choice question with an explanation. Give a short explanation for each part regarding how your answer is computed or why your answer is correct.

Part A.

Para mi volunteers at a homeless shelter. It takes a lot of her time, and thus she sometimes takes off time from her job to do the volunteer work. Parami's behavior can be explained by:

	overconfidence.
	a framing bias.
	altruism.
	overvaluing the present relative to the future.

Part B.

Indifference curves cannot be concave to the origin because:

	consumers generally will prefer to have more of a good than less of a good.
	the satisfaction consumers get from consuming additional units of a good decline.
	the substitution effect holds across indifference curves.
	consumers must give up more of one good to obtain more of another good.

Part C.

Marginal utility analysis and indifference curve analysis are both used to:

	compute comparative advantage.
	derive supply curves.
	derive demand curves.
	analyze the total revenue.

Part D.

Indifference curves:

	represent a set of product bundles to which a consumer is indifferent.
	slope up and to the right.
	show the difference between the marginal utilities of two different goods.
	are concave to the origin.

limecod304

budget line

marginal utility

complete property of preferences

market demand

consumption bundle

substitution effect

Giffen good

total effect

income effect

transitive property of preferences

indifference curves

utility

the marginal rate of substitution

utility function

1.	_____	The satisfaction or benefit that consumers receive from consuming goods or services.
2.	________________ _	A particular combination of specific quantities of goods or services
3.	________________ _	Consumers can rank all conceivable bundles of goods or services
4.	_____	If A is preferred to B, and B is preferred to C, then A is always preferred to C.
5.	_____	Equation showing a consumerâs perception of the total utility forthcoming from consuming each bundle of goods and services.
6.	_____	A set of consumption bundles each and every one of which provides a consumer with exactly the same level of total utility.
7.	_____	The number of units of Y that must be given up for total utility to remain the same when one more unit of X is consumed.
8.	_____	The addition to total utility attributable to consuming one more unit of a good, holding the consumption of all other goods constant.
9.	_____	The line showing all bundles of goods that can be purchased at given prices if the entire income is spent.
10.	_____	The change in the consumption of a good that would result if the consumer remained on the original indifference curve after the price of the good changes.
11.	_____	The change in consumption of goods results strictly from the change in purchasing power after the price of a good changes.
12.	________________ _	The sum of the substitution and income effects.
13.	_____	A good for which quantity demanded varies directly with price, causing an upward sloping demand curve.
14.	_____	A list of prices and the corresponding quantity consumers are willing and able to purchase at each price.

blushwildebeest943

Suppose all consumers are maximizing utility with convex indifference curves. All face the same prices, and are perfectly rational. According to microeconomic models, at the maximization bundle they should

A. All have the same marginal rate of substitution

B. All buy more of the least expensive good

C. All end up with the same bundle of goods

D. All have the same level of satisfaction

Consider an indifference map with food on the vertical axis and shelter on the horizontal axis.

If a consumer is willing to give up 3 units of food in exchange for 1 unit of shelter and food is priced at $5 per unit and shelter at $10 per unit, then the consumer is:

A. Purchasing too much food for utility maximization

B. Purchasing too much shelter for utility maximization

C. Purchasing just the right amount of each good for utility maximization

D. Purchasing less than the budget would allow

If a consumer with convex indifference curves moves along her budget line, closer and closer to the horizontal axis, as she is moving:

		A. The marginal utility she gets from good Y declines.
		B. The marginal utility she gets from good X declines.
		C. The marginal utility she gets from good X increases.
		D. The price ratio of the two goods changes.

EC260 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Demand Curve, Budget Constraint, Reservation Price

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