PS102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Functional Fixedness, Problem Solving, Representativeness Heuristic
Document Summary
Children begin to master language without formal instruction. Certain universal features common to all languages that are innate. Children biologically prepared, need extensive experience and exposure. Functional fixedness: perceive items in most common use. New solution to unsolved problem comes to mind when problem isnt thought about for some time. Language is arbitrary because there is no built-in relationship between the sounds of words and what the words present. Overextension occurs when a child incorrectly uses a word to describe a wider set of objects or actions than it is meant to. Under extensions occur when a child incorrectly uses a word to describe a narrower set of objects or actions than it is meant to. Communicative abilities of a chimp met the following criteria for language: Staats: when children are first learning to talk, most parents respond to meaning in their children"s speech, reinforcing the language learning.
