PS261 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Reinforcement, Flight Controller, Controllability
Document Summary
Instrumental behaviour decreased by punishment and increased by negative reinforcement. Positive reinforcement: gaining something good, instrumental response produces an appetitive stimulus, positive contingency between response and outcome. Positive punishment: gaining something bad, response produces aversive stimulus, getting yelled at etc. positive contingency between response and outcome. Negative reinforcement: instrumental response turns off aversive stimulus, negative contingency between response and stimulus, ex opening umbrella to not get wet, putting on seatbelt to silence chimes in car. Negative punishment: also called omission training or differential reinforcement of other behaviour (dro), take away something good, ex a time out or suspending someone"s drivers license, negtive contingency between response and environmental effect. Skinner placed pigeons in separate chambers and they performed activities as if their behaviour controlled the delivery of reinforcer when food was provided irrespective of what they were doing (superstitious behaviour) Adventitious/accidental reinforcement: accidental pairing of a response with delivery of the reinforcer.
