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ADMS 1500 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Sole Proprietorship, Balance Sheet, Income Statement

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School
York University
Department
Administrative Studies
Course
ADMS 1500
Professor
K Paul Evans

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Document Summary

Managers need basic understanding of accounting reports and accounting-oriented decision processes. They need this so that they can appear as intelligent, well informed members of the management team (general background) and so they can plan and control their own operating areas: score keeping. When a company publishes its income statement and its balance sheet. This is the company"s way of reporting to shareholders and other interested parties how well (or how badly) it performed. Income statement covers a period of time that is now complete (the previous fiscal year). Balance sheet is a snapshot of the company at a point in time (usually the last day in a fiscal year). When information has been given to the investors and creditors they can decide to further invest/lend to the company or go else where. Potential investors and creditors can decide if they want to invest/lend to the company and become actual investors and creditors. Investor: the holder of the companies shares.

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Related Questions

In addition to presenting the computed answers, please also discuss how you arrived at each answers the accounting problem asks. The accounting problem presents a company’s balance sheet and income statement. The Diamond Gem Cleaning and Maintenance Service Company is in the business of contracting its cleaning and maintenance services to office buildings. The balance sheet and income statement have blank lines. Determine the values that would be appropriate for each blank line. Provide a narrative of how you arrived at each value. In doing so, explain the account being valued and its relationship to the other financial data. For example, if the accounts payable line was missing, explain that you can derive its value based on knowing all the other values of the current liabilities section. Then explain what an account liability is, as well as why it would belong in the current liabilities section of the balance sheet

Please refer to the income statement and balance sheet of the Diamond Gem Cleaning and Maintenance Service Company available down:

Superior papers will mention and explain the following elements when responding to the assignment question:

Provide correct balances for the blank financial account lines.

Provide a narrative about how the values were determined.

Provide a definition and explanation of each account line that was completed

Balance sheet
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash 225,971
Contracts receivables [__A____]
Other assets 162,847
Total current assets 893,868
LONG TERM ASSETS
Equipment [___B____]
TOTAL ASSETS 1,180,660
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable [__C____]
Line of credit 85,000
Accrued expenses 72,495
Income tax payable 46,660
Current portion of notes payable 31,747
Deferred income taxes 78,460
Total current liabilities 571,697
LONG TERM LIABILITIES
Notes payable (long term) 172,467
TOTAL LIABILITIES 744,164
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common stock 62,000
Additional paid-in capital 63,862
Retained Earnings [___D___]
Total stockholders' equity 436,496
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY [___E___]
Income sheet
Contract Revenues 5,146,862
Contract Costs [___F____]
Gross Profit 614,343
General and Administrative Expenses 322,356
Operating Income 291,987
Other Expense 25,770
Income Before Provision for Income Taxes 266,217
Provision for Income Taxes [__G____]
Net Income 150,767
Retained Earnings, Beginning Balance [__H____]
Net Income 150,767
Retained Earnings, Ending Balance 310,634

Codification Research Case

1-In light of the full disclosure principle, investors and creditors need to know the balances for assets, liabilities, and equity as well as the accounting policies adopted by management to measure the items reported in the balance sheet.

Instructions

If your school has a subscription to the FASB Codification, go to http://aaahq.org/asclogin.cfm to log in and prepare responses to the following. Provide Codification references for your responses.

(a)

Identify the literature that addresses the disclosure of accounting policies.

(b)

How are accounting policies defined in the literature?

(c)

What are the three scenarios that would result in detailed disclosure of the accounting methods used?

(d)

What are some examples of common disclosures that are required under this statement?

Codification Research Case

2-At a recent meeting of the accounting staff in your company, the controller raised the issue of using present value techniques to conduct impairment tests for some of the company's fixed assets. Some of the more senior members of the staff admitted having little knowledge of present value concepts in this context, but they had heard about a FASB Concepts Statement that may be relevant. As the junior staff in the department, you have been asked to conduct some research of the authoritative literature on this topic and report back at the staff meeting next week.

Instructions

If your school has a subscription to the FASB Codification, go to http://aaahq.org/asclogin.cfm to log in and access the FASB Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts. When you have accessed the documents, you can use the search tool in your Internet browser to respond to the following items. (Provide paragraph citations.)

(a)

Identify the concept statement that addresses present value measurement in accounting.

(b)

What are some of the contexts in which present value concepts are applied in accounting measurement?

(c) Provide definitions for the following terms:

1.Best estimate.

2.Estimated cash flow (contrasted to expected cash flow).

3.Fresh-start measurement.

4.Interest methods of allocation.

Assignment 2: You Are an InvestmentAnalyst
Due Week 10 and worth 250 points

As the CFO of your corporation, you are in charge of preparing andanalyzing financial statements that will be presented to potentialinvestors and creditors. However, before you can present thefinancial statements to investors and creditors, you need toprepare the financial statements with supporting analysis. Selectone (1) pair of the following companies to conduct your financialstatement analysis.

Pepsi versus Coca Cola, or

Amazon versus eBay

Target versus Walmart

Nike versus Reebok

Write a six to eight (6-8) page paper in which you:

1) Analyze each company’s history, product / services, majorcustomers, major suppliers, and leadership, and provide a synopsisof each company.

2) Identify three (3) profitability ratios that creditors may beinterested in. Calculate the ratio for each company, and prepare areport to summarize your findings on the financial health of eachcompany. Also, recommend to management the manner in which they canimprove each of the three (3) ratios identified.

3) Summarize at least two (2) news events (this may includemergers, acquisitions, or political issues) that occurred from 2012to the present day, and analyze the impact that these events had oneach company’s financial statements. Indicate the primary way inwhich the merger, acquisition or political issues influencepotential investors’ and creditors’ perception of bothcompanies.

4) Analyze each company’s income statement over the past two (2)years, and determine which company outperformed the other. Suggesta way in which the lagging company can improve its income. Supportyour suggestion with a specific analysis.

5) Analyze each company’s balance sheet. Prepare a verticalanalysis for each company, interpret the results, and write afinancial report. Also, suggest the manner in which the companythat is not performing well can improve its balance sheet in orderfor it to be attractive to potential investors.

6) Use at least four (4) quality academic resources in thisassignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites donot qualify as academic resources. PLEASE INCLUDE THE WEBSITES USEDFOR INFORMATION.