ADMS 3502 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8.2: Glucokinase, Glut2, Glycogenolysis
22 May 2020
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Fluctuate normally btw 3. 5 and 8 mmol/l. Maintenance during post-absorptive state, fasting state, and prolonged starvation depending on substrate availability (carbs, glycogen, glycerol, lactate, and amino acids, but not fatty acids) Master signaling hormone that regulates disposition and usage of fuels (carb, fat, protein) Islets of langerhans are millions of clusters of cells 100-200 mcm. Beta islet cells are 80% of cells. Insulin action on target: need glucose transporters to go to cell membrane so glucose can be brought in and cell is informed that there will soon be energy so anabolic signal prepares for work. Problem: insufficient insulin leads to excess conversion of metabolites to glucose and less utilization of glucose and creates hyperglycemia. Absolute of relative deficiency of circulating insulin leading to impaired use of glucose (hyperglycemia is characteristic feature, chronic, and disordered metabolism) Leading cause of blindness, esrd (dialysis), lower limb amputation, cardiovascular disease.
