ADMS 4245 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Industrial Design

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plumshark304

25 Mar 2013

School

York University

Department

Administrative Studies

Course

ADMS 4245

Professor

Peter Modir

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Document Summary

The economics success of a product depends on the ability to find a need and quickly create a product to satisfy those needs. Achieving these goals is not solely a marketing problem, nor is it solely a design problem or manufacturing problem; it is a product development. Product quality is ultimately reflected in market share and the price that customers are willing to pay: product cost: what is the manufacturing cost of the product?, which includes capital acquisition, incremental cost of production. : product development requires contribution from nearly all the functions of a firm. It includes engineering design such as mechanical, electrical, software, etc. Industrial design (ergonomics: manufacturing: it is primarily responsible for designing, operating, and/or coordinating the production system to produce the new product. It might be called supply chain: types of teams, project team: few products are developed by a single individual. Project team is the collection of individuals developing a product.

Related Questions

Write a 150-word response (agreeing or disagreeing) to the following prompt:

Rags2Riches is a social business enterprise that plays a very significant role in the filipino community. The company's mission was to help the hard working mothers to be more profitable and improve the quality of the rugs. They saw a social problem and were able to turn it into a business opportunity. This impact really helped the community by turning the women into stakeholders. I was impressed how the women were both the stakeholders, and fashion designers were able to come up with high end fashion products. The fact that they collaborated with the country's most famous designers to support them was productive. They were able to seek growth by allowing those new partners to share new ideas to make their product successful. We should measure the SROI when reporting the results of the Rags2Riches is the impact they have on the communities, the role of stakeholders in making adjustments in social issues. Because it is their responsibility to find an opportunitiy to resolve social issues going on in the communities. For instance, on responsibility could be to provide more jobs and improve working conditions. You can also measure the market they are targeting and how they can improve the quality of their products. It is important for to keep up with the quality of rugs they are providing in the high end fashion market.

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We ^[49] have seen that the capitalist process of production is a historically determined form of the social process of production in general. The latter is as much a production process of material conditions of human life as a process taking place under specific historical and economic production relations, producing and reproducing these production relations themselves, and thereby also the bearers of this process, their material conditions of existence and their mutual relations, i.e., their particular socio-economic form. For the aggregate of these relations, in which the agents of this production stand with respect to Nature and to one another, and in which they produce, is precisely society, considered from the standpoint of its economic structure. Like all its predecessors, the capitalist process of production proceeds under definite material conditions, which are, however, simultaneously the bearers of definite social relations entered into by individuals in the process of reproducing their life. Those conditions, like these relations, are on the one hand prerequisites, on the other hand, results and creations of the capitalist process of production; they are produced and reproduced by it. We saw also that capital â and the capitalist is merely capital personified and functions in the process of production solely as the agent of capital â in its corresponding social process of production, pumps a definite quantity of surplus-labour out of the direct producers, or labourers; capital obtains this surplus-labour without an equivalent, and in essence, it always remains forced labour â no matter how much it may seem to result from the free contractual agreement. This surplus-labour appears as surplus-value, and this surplus-value exists as a surplus-product. Surplus-labour in general, as labour performed over and above the given requirements, must always remain. In the capitalist as well as in the slave system, etc., it merely assumes an antagonistic form and is supplemented by complete idleness of a stratum of society. A definite quantity of surplus-labour is required as insurance against accidents and by the necessary and progressive expansion of the process of reproduction in keeping with the development of the needs and the growth of population, which is called accumulation from the viewpoint of the capitalist. It is one of the civilising aspects of capital that it enforces this surplus-labour in a manner and under conditions which are more advantageous to the development of the productive forces, social relations, and the creation of the elements for a new and higher form than under the preceding forms of slavery, serfdom, etc. Thus it gives rise to a stage, on the one hand, in which coercion and monopolisation of social development (including its material and intellectual advantages) by one portion of society at the expense of the other are eliminated; on the other hand, it creates the material means and embryonic conditions, making it possible in a higher form of society to combine this surplus-labour with a greater reduction of time devoted to material labour in general. For, depending on the development of labour productivity, surplus-labour may be large in a small total working-day, and relatively small in a large total working-day. If the necessary labour-time = 3 and the surplus-labour = 3, then the total working-day = 6 and the rate of surplus-labour = 100%. If the necessary labour = 9 and the surplus-labour = 3, then the total working-day = 12 and the rate of surplus-labour only = 33â %. In that case, it depends upon the labour productivity how much use-value shall be produced in a definite time, hence also in a definite surplus labour-time. The actual wealth of society, and the possibility of constantly expanding its reproduction process, therefore, do not depend upon the duration of surplus-labour, but upon its productivity and the more or less copious conditions of production under which it is performed. In fact, the realm of freedom actually begins only where labour which is determined by necessity and mundane considerations ceases; thus in the very nature of things, it lies beyond the sphere of actual material production. Just as the savage must wrestle with Nature to satisfy his wants, to maintain and reproduce life, so must civilised man, and he must do so in all social formations and under all possible modes of production. With his development this realm of physical necessity expands as a result of his wants; but, at the same time, the forces of production which satisfy these wants also increase. Freedom in this field can only consist in socialised man, the associated producers, rationally regulating their interchange with Nature, bringing it under their common control, instead of being ruled by it as by the blind forces of Nature; and achieving this with the least expenditure of energy and under conditions most favourable to, and worthy of, their human nature. But it nonetheless still remains a realm of necessity. Beyond it begins that development of human energy which is an end in itself, the true realm of freedom, which, however, can blossom forth only with this realm of necessity as its basis. The shortening of the working-day is its basic prerequisite.

What does the reading say? What are the key concepts in the reading? Write a paragraph summarizing the reading.