PHIL 2130 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4.2: Ciclosporin, Lipid Bilayer, Lactulose
6 May 2020
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Peptide bonds hydrogen bond with water and peptidases in gut: lipophilic molecules, well-absorbed, limit, solids (cannot interact with lipid membrane as well as long alkyl chain liquids, ex. Mineral oil (12-c molecule) is not well-absorbed (laxative). Molecules that are mostly ionized are well absorbed and get into the brain as long as a significant (1%) are unionized. Molecules that are 100% ionized are not well absorbed (although absorption is not 0) and generally do not get into the brain. Molecules with many polar groups, such are sugars and proteins, are not well absorbed unless there is a transporter (they must shed waters of hydration) Size may affect the rate of absorption but usually not the extent. Some degree of water solubility necessary for absorption, but not much, esp. for liquids. Both sn1 and sn2 rxns only occur for alkyl halides, tosylates and mesylates: if lg directly attached to alkene/alkyne sn1 and sn2 will not occur.
