BIOL-2220 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Electrochemical Gradient, Transmembrane Protein, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate
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28 Aug 2016
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Plasma membrane: membrane, composed of phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins, that encloses cell contents; outer limiting cell membrane. Fluid mosaic model: a depiction of the structure of the membranes of a cell as phospholipid bilayers in which proteins are dispersed. Hydrophilic: refers to molecules, or portions of molecules, that interact with water and charged particles. Hydrophobic: refers to molecules, or portions of molecules, that interact only with nonpolar molecules. Glycolipid: a lipid with one or more covalently attached sugars. Glycocalyx: a layer of externally facing glycoproteins and glycolipids (a. Cell coat ) on or near a cell"s plasma membrane; its components determine blood type and are involved in cellular interactions. Tight junction: area where plasma membranes of adjacent cells are tightly bound together, forming an impermeable barrier. Desmosome: cell junction composed of thickened plasma membranes joined by filaments. Gap junction: a passageway between two adjacent cells; formed by trans- membrane proteins called connexons.