BSC 2010C Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Nitrogenous Base, Pentose, Uracil
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Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?
centrioles and motor proteins |
microtubules and motor proteins |
actin filaments and motor proteins |
actin filaments and microtubules |
actin filaments and ribosomes |
Why is water considered a polar molecule?
The negatively charged oxygen atom attracts the positively charged hydrogen atoms. |
The oxygen is found between the two hydrogens. |
It remains liquid even at very low temperatures. |
Both hydrogens are at one end of the molecule, and oxygen is at the other end. |
Its electrons spend more time with its oxygen than with either hydrogen. |
Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes have cells while eukaryotes do not. |
Eukaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than prokaryotes. |
Prokaryotes are generally larger than eukaryotes. |
Prokaryotes are not able to carry out aerobic respiration, relying instead on anaerobic metabolism. |
Which of the following is not a necessary component of life?
needs energy |
uses DNA for heredity |
breathes oxygen |
irritability |
depends on other living forms |
Lipids _____.
contain less energy than proteins and carbohydrates |
are made by dehydration reactions |
are insoluble in water |
contain sulfur polymers |
are made from glycerol, fatty acids, and nitrogen |
What is biology?
the study of life |
the study of genetics |
the study of biomes |
the study of the environment |
the naming and classifying of species |
_____ is an example of an element.
Methane |
Water |
Carbon |
Salt |
Glucose |
With what are saturated fats saturated?
carbon |
nitrogen |
hydrogen |
phosphorus |
oxygen |
Beryllium's atomic mass is 9, and its atomic number is 4. How many neutrons are found in a beryllium atom?
2 |
5 |
13 |
9 |
4 |
Question 401 pts
Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.
True |
False |
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Question 411 pts
When an electron is transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms are then electrically attracted to one another, a(n) ________________ bond is formed.
ionic |
kinetic |
covalent |
hydrogen |
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Question 421 pts
Changing the number of ____________ of an atom would change the chemical properties of the atom.
neutrons |
protons |
electrons |
electron shells |
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Question 431 pts
Forming molecules and breaking down molecules in biological organisms usually requires the use of _________ to help the reaction proceed faster.
oil |
heat |
enzymes |
blood |
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Question 441 pts
Organic molecules have a core composed of .
carbon |
nitrogen |
phosphorus |
hydrogen |
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Question 451 pts
The building blocks of carbohydrates are
polypeptides |
amino acids |
nucleotides |
monosaccharides |
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Question 461 pts
Water molecules crossing a membrane from high to low concentration is .
active transport |
cell fate |
facilitated diffusion |
osmosis |
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Question 471 pts
Choose the membrane molecule responsible for the passage of polar molecules and ions into and out of the cell.
phospholipids |
transmembrane channel proteins |
cell surface proteins |
carbohydrate chains |
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Question 481 pts
The simplest cells are .
prokaryotic |
animal cells |
eukaryotic |
cells of fungi |
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Question 491 pts
Which of the following membrane bound organelles are found inside bacterial cells:
nucleus |
organelles are not found in prokaryotic cells |
mitochondria |
chloroplasts |
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Question 501 pts
Which of the following is a specialized components of the cell, is associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and is responsible for making proteins.
vacuoles |
ribosomes |
golgi complex |
nucleus |
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Question 511 pts
Proteins are sorted, modified, and packaged by the _____________ and later transported to the outside of the cell.
ribosomes |
golgi bodies (golgi apparatus) |
nucleus |
mitochondria |
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Question 521 pts
Dehydration synthesis is a process of linking two smaller subunits together to form a polymer. Which of the following statements below is true of dehydration synthesis?
Oxygen is consumed. |
A water molecule is removed from the molecules. |
A water molecule is added to the molecules |
Carbon dioxide is given off. |
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Question 531 pts
Proteins are made up of _________ held together by peptide bonds.
monomers |
monosaccharides |
polymers |
amino acids |
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Question 541 pts
Which of the following gives an amino acid its properties?
NH2 |
R Group or functional group |
COOH |
H |
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Question 551 pts
The final three-dimensional shape of a protein that includes the bonding of two or more polypeptide chains is call its _____ structure.
Tertiary |
Quaternary |
Secondary |
Primary |
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Question 561 pts
How do DNA and RNA differ?
all statements are differences between DNA and RNA. |
DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded. |
They have different sugars. |
Thymine is present in DNA but not in RNA. |
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Question 571 pts
Which of the following is a component of a DNA nucleotide?
phosphate |
a nitrogen containing base |
All are components of a nucleotide. |
5-carbon sugar |
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Question 581 pts
Cell membranes are made up of several different types of molecules. Select the membrane molecule below that is made up of a polar region and two non-polar fatty acid tails.
transmembrane proteins |
carbohydrate chains |
phospholipids |
cell surface proteins |
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Question 591 pts
Two organelles which are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are ____________ and ______________.
chloroplasts and mitochondria |
golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum |
ribosomes and nucleolus |
peroxisomes and lysosomes |
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Question 601 pts
The is an extensive system of internal membranes responsible for producing carbohydrates and lipids.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
rough endoplasmic reticulum |
nucleolus |
mitochondria |