BIOL 212 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Mature Messenger Rna, Messenger Rna, Precursor Mrna
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Gene ExpressionQuestions
Question 1
#1) Match the following reactions to the correct step of proteinsynthesis by ribosomes.
___ Hydrolysis of GTP and disassembly of the translationcomplex.
___ binding of initiator aminoacyl-tRNA
___ formation of the peptide bond
___ translocation of ribosome
___ Use of 2 mole-equivalents of ATP and attachment of an aminoacid to a transfer RNA molecule
Answer Choices for Number #1
A. initiation step
B. elongation step
C. termination step
D. aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase reaction
Question 2
#2) Mark which of the following are needed for the synthesis ofRNA by RNA polymerase:
___ primer
___ ATP, CTP, GTP, UTP
___ dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP
___ template
Question 3
#3) Mark which of the following are properties of a bacteria(prokaryotic) messenger RNA:
___ | It has a cap at the 5'-end. | |
___ | It has a poly-A tail at the 3'-end. | |
___ | It has a 5'-untranslated region (UTR). | |
___ | It has a 3'-untranslated (UTR) region. |
Question 4
#4) Match the following RNA molecules to their respectivefunctions in the cell.
___ transfer RNA
___ ribosomal RNA
___ messenger RNA
___ small nuclear RNA (snRNA)
Answer Choices for Number #4
A. This RNA serves as the template for protein synthesis.
B. This molecule is a molecular component of ribosomes.
C. This molecule is a component of spliceosomes and serves torecognize the exon-intron junctions
D. This RNA molecule is delivers the amino acid to the ribosome andit recognizes the appropriate codons with its anticodon loop.
Fill in the blank. Elongation during translation does NOT involve ____________.
Question 16 options:
the translation of codons according to the genetic code | |
the formation of bonds catalyzed by the ribosome | |
complementary base pairing between RNA molecules | |
amino acids being linked together in a polypeptide | |
reading the DNA template 3' to 5' |
For a given gene, what establishes the reading frame for translation?
Question 17 options:
the location of the enhancer relative to the gene | |
the first three nucleotides at the 5' end of the mRNA | |
the first three nucleotides at the 3' end of the mRNA | |
the start codon in the mRNA | |
the location of the promoter relative to the gene |
Which of the following is the LEAST likely direct consequence of a substitution mutation?
Question 18 options:
changing the length of a protein coded for by a gene | |
changing one amino acid in a protein | |
creating a stop codon | |
eliminating a start codon | |
changing the length of the DNA molecule containing a gene |
Suppose that the pre-mRNA transcript from a eukaryotic gene is 30,000 nucleotides long, and the gene codes for a sequence of 300 amino acids. What is the best explanation for the relationship between these numbers?
Question 19 options:
only the first 900 nucleotides of the pre-mRNA transcript are translated | |
it takes 100 nucleotides to specify a single amino acid | |
300 of the nucleotides in the transcript are important, and the rest are "junk" | |
only the last 900 nucleotides of the pre-mRNA transcript are translated | |
large portions of pre-mRNA transcripts are cut out during RNA processing |
Suppose an individual is born into a population with a novel mutation. Is the new mutation an evolutionary change, and why?
Question 20 options:
no, because it is not a big enough change to count | |
yes, because new mutations are always adaptive | |
yes, because the appearance of a new genetic variant is a genetic change in a population | |
no, because not enough individuals have the mutation for it to matter | |
no, because most mutations are not adaptive |