BIOL 3P30 Lecture Notes - Lecture 37: Skeletal Muscle, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Sirolimus
25 Aug 2015
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Lecture 13 - cell autonomous energy & nutrient sensing pathways. Pgc-1 and amp kinase long-term maintenance of intracellular atp levels. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor) nutrient signaling pathways the volume. Mitochondrial density- more mitochondria in a cell the more metabolically active the cell is. Have a process of making or degrading mitochondria. Mitophagy is a little less known so we aren"t going to be talking about it. Short term changes to change in atp use. Done through the same machinery but it will be working harder. Chronic high cellular metabolic rate stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis. Requires coordinated regulation of nuclear and mitochondrial gene transcription. Nrf1 & nrf2 nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins mttfa= tfam mtdna-encoded mitochondrial proteins. Both regulated by pgc-1 - not a transcription factor but interacts with other transcription factors. Discovery of pgc-1 alpha- regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in cold acclimated small mammals. Remember- mitochondrial content of bat cells increases overtime in cold-exposed animals.
