KINE 2P84 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Bipedalism, Jerky
8 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
KINE 2P84 Growth and Development
Body control
- Upright posture
o Frees hands for grasping
o Sit with assistance 3 months
o Alone 5 months
Locomotor control
- Predictable progression but rate varies
- Movement from point a to b
- Crawl creep
- Homolateral movement vs. contralateral
Motor behaviour landmarks
- Locomotion
o Crawling: stomach on ground 7-8 months
o Creeping: chest and stomach off ground 9-12 months
o Walking unaided 15 months
Manipulation
- Manual control: movement of arms and hands to manipulate objects
- Reaching, grasping, releasing
- Reflexive
- Size matters
Fundamental movement skills
- Basic skills
- Organized series of movements using two or more body segments to accomplish a
particular task
Categories
- Stability
- Locomotor
- Manipulation
o Sending, receiving, retaining
Phases
- Preparation phase: body prepares a performance skill. Ensures skill is performed as
intended.
- Execution Phase: generates momentum and requires proper technique to execute the
skill. Main action is carried out by applying the correct force at the critical moment.
- Follow-through phase: key to accuracy and force production.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Upright posture: frees hands for grasping, sit with assistance 3 months, alone 5 months. Locomotion: crawling: stomach on ground 7-8 months, creeping: chest and stomach off ground 9-12 months, walking unaided 15 months. Manual control: movement of arms and hands to manipulate objects. Organized series of movements using two or more body segments to accomplish a particular task. Preparation phase: body prepares a performance skill. Execution phase: generates momentum and requires proper technique to execute the skill. Main action is carried out by applying the correct force at the critical moment. Follow-through phase: key to accuracy and force production. Children, novices, and re-learners use jerky, inefficient movement patterns. As they learn they begin to apply the principles of motion and stability. Greater mass = lower centre of mass to the base of support. Larger base of support + closer centre of mass is positioned to the base if support = the more stability increases.
