BIOL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Cell Nucleus, Phenotype, Chromosome
3 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Genetics is one of biology"s unifying principles. Science of heredity: understanding how biological properties are transmitted from parents to offspring. Midterm is entirely based on problem solving. Reproduction is the basis of heredity - cellular reproduction and organism reproduction: eukaryotes: unicellular or multicellular organisms with cells where genetic material is in the nucleus, prokaryotes: mostly unicellular organisms with cells lacking a nucleus. Prokaryotes - usually one circular dna molecule. Gene is the fundamental unit of heredity: unit of heritance, location on a chromosome, sequence of base pairs, transcriptional unit, determinant of an organism trait, types of genes: Genotype is distinguished from phenotype: genotype: complete genetic makeup of an individual organism. Sometimes used to reference the complete set of one of more genes. Refers only to the information content of nucleic acid. Phenotype: a measurable trait of an organism that is controlled by one or more genes but can be influenced by environmental effects: not inherited, ex.
