BIOL 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Dicer, Tungsten, Genetically Modified Crops
Document Summary
There are many different ways to get dna into cells: for bacteria and yeast we can punch holes in the membrane, for other types of cells we can use microinjection, we can use viruses in mammals. In plants, we can use a projectile gun which has tungsten bullets coated with the dna of that we want incorporated into the cell. Transformation = genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of exogenous genetic material through the cell membrane. Stable plant transformation with t-dna use of bacterium to get dna into plant cells. Takes advantage of tumour-inducing (ti) plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens. Agrobacterium infects plant cells (roots) and inserts transfer-dna (t-dna) portion of the ti plasmid into the plant genome at a random site. It is a non-autonomous te bc transposase is in the ti plasmid but not in the t-dna is non-autonomous, once it is in the plant genome, it will never come back out.
