PHAR 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Cholesteryl Ester, Hyperlipidemia, Bile Acid
Document Summary
Atherosclerosis build up of fatty plaques (atheros) on inside of vessel wall. Main plasma lipids: cholesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides and phospholipids. Cholesterol: white, waxy material composed of steroid hormones, vitamin d, bile salts and cell membranes. Important in formation of glucocorticoids and sex hormones, vitamin d. Composed of 3 fatty acids and a glycerol molecule. Lipoproteins: composed of lipids and proteins (apolipoproteins) keep lipids soluble and move them in and out of cells. Chylomicrons: largest lipoprotein, carries exogenous tg, formed in the intestine. Very low density lipoproteins (vldl): formed in the liver, carry endogenous tg. Intermediate density lipoproteins (idlp): intermediary between ldl and hdl. Low density lipoproteins (ldl): derived from idl. Carry cholesterol to tissues including arteries- main cause of atherosclerosis. High density lipoproteins (hdl): good lipoproteins, carry cholesterol away from the arteries to the liver. Or secondary acquired with other metabolic disease ie) hypothyroidism. Treatment: diet control, elimination of aggravating factors and antihyperlipidemic drugs.