PHAR 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome, Chloral Hydrate, Sedation
17 Jun 2016
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Drugs that are used to sedate and aid in sleep. Insomnia: inability to fall asleep or stay asleep o o. Drugs that produce a dose-dependent depression of the cns. Few drugs available (alcohol, bromides, opium, ect. ) Barbiturates (bar) were first synthesized in 1864: widely used for 100 years for anxiety and insomnia. High dependence liability (illicit drug use as downers) All share similar effects, offer different potency (some more sedative, some more hypnotic) Flunitrazepam (rohypnol): 1995 highest illicit use according to the who (roofies: used as a party dug in conjunction with alcohol, date rape drug. Absorbed from the digestive tract: depends on required effect (rapid, iv injection but for long term use, oral administration) Different preparations available with different lipid solubility: highly lipid soluble agents enter the cell more readily and have greater therapeutic effect. Variability in the rate of absorption and peak blood levels. Major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous system: gabaa and gabab.
