HSCI 140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Nocebo, Qigong, Guided Imagery
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Have an outcome to compare with e/o. Cost-effectiveness economical, tangible benefits produced = money spent: bang for your buck!!!!!!!! Measure problem/issues can be expensive i. e. prevalence of ppl w back pain in the population. Select cases of disease select ppl similar in terms of main characteristics look whether or not they were exposed in past. Good for rare diseases but not good for rare exposures. Compare 2+ treatments or compare treatment vs. placebo vs. nocebo. Parallel: group 1 treatment a follow outcome, group 2 treatment b follow outcome. Crossover: group 1 a follow outcome washout period treatment b follow. Outcome: group 2 b follow outcome washout period treatment a follow. Randomize reduces bias and confounding variables. Important to do these studies blindly: includes ppl who receive treatment, ppl who measure effects, & ppl who analyze data. Phase 1 small # of volunteers, drug safety includes info on drugs , metabolism.