HSCI 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Bacteriophage, Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis, Cytotoxic T Cell
9 Aug 2018
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Variolation: edward jenner, cowpox to protect against smallpox. Measles(1963 live, 1964 killed), diphtheria(1926 toxoid), pertussis (1943 whole, 1997 acellular), poliomyelitis (1964 eradicated) Tetanus immunization induces antibody responses; measles immunization induces cytotoxic. Herd immunity: when significant portion of popln provides measure of protection for indvls. Killed vs. live vaccines: live viruses replicate in host cells progeny viruses (recognized by immune system anitbodies and cytotoxic t lymphocytes) Inactivated and subunit viruses do not replicate (recognized by immune system) less efficacious so often administered with adjuvants & require booster doses. High dose of antigen, cannot multiply, decreases steadily; technically more feasible, less immunogenic. Side effects in 24-48 hours; no potential for disease, no disease transmission. Contraindication: allergy to manufacture/preservation component & immunocompromised. Use only the antigen part of the organism (eg. polysaccharide, protein or part of protein, subunit/peptide) Recombinant subunit: small portion of virus expressed using recombinant dna tech.
