MBB 222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Mobile Genetic Elements, Bacterial Conjugation, Base Pair
16 Mar 2016
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**mobile geneic elements are nucleic acid segments (dna or rna) that can move in and out of cells or between diferent regions of the cell genome. Plasmids: self-replicaing, extra-chromosomal double-stranded dna circles found in bacteria, yeast and fungi: lack a protein coat and generally cannot move independently from cell to cell. Viruses: self-replicaing, infecious dna- or rna-containing elements that possess a protein coat and can move from cell to cell. Transposable elements: mobile dna elements that also lack a coat. These segments of dna move, or jump from one place in a genome to another. Usually <10 kilobase (kb) pairs, but range from 1 to >1000 base pairs. Self-replicaing but uses host proteins for replicaion. Bacterial conjugaion - transfer of geneic material between bacteria through direct cell-to-cell contact: conjugaion transfers plasmids from one bacterium to another via an f-pilus, this ability is encoded by a plasmid! Common plasmids transformaion methods: heat shock and cscl:
