BIOM 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Blood Pressure, Vasodilation, Vascular Resistance

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Arteries carry oxygenated blood (most of the blood) The force that moves blood through the closed circulatory system. Most of the force is generated by the contraction of the heart, but contraction of skeletal muscles contribute some of the pressure. Blood pressure: pressure that blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels. Pressure is highest close to the pump, and decreases with distance from the pump. Fluid flows from high pressure to low pressure, blood flows along its pressure gradient. Contraction of the heart ventricular muscle develops pressure within the circulatory system that allows blood to move through arteries---to capillary vessels--- to the veins. Heart is a pulse pump, force is created only when the ventricular muscle is contracting (emptying), when the ventricles are filling, the heart is not creating the force. Because heart is a pulse pump, blood flow should also pulse (flowing when the ventricles contract, but stopping when the ventricles relax to allow flow)

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