MBIO 2360 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Electrochemical Gradient, Joule, Active Transport
1 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
The mitochondrion is thought to be an ancient prokaryotic, aerobic bacterium that took up symbiotic residence in a primitive, eukaryotic, anaerobic host. Mitochondria have their own dna (not much) ribosomes, and transfer rnas. They are enclosed by an outer, highly permeable membrane and in inner impermeable membrane. The interior matrix contains pyruvate dehydrogenase, tca cycle enzymes, and other enzymes for oxidation of amino acids and fatty acids. The location of etc is in the mitochondria (inner membrane) The etc is a series of proteins with prosthetic groups that become oxidized and reduced alternately as electrons (and h atoms in some steps) and passed along. The protein change conformation and pump h+ out of the matrix. Electrons entering the etc are energy rich and as they pass down the chain they lose free energy. Much of this is conserved by atp formation again involving a multienzyme complex, atp synthase.
