BIOL130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Trisaccharide, Aldehyde, Triose
6 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Macromolecules- carbohydrates: general features, 1:2:1 carbon hydrates", mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides, glycosidic bonds. Group of molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio; general formula (ch2o)n eg. glucose c6h12o6 (ch2o)6 but sucrose is c12h22o11 ?? types: Monomer = monosaccharide dimer = disaccharide trimer = trisaccharide . oligosaccharide oligo saccharides - (oligo = few) small chains attached to proteins - glycoproteins attached to lipids - glycolipids poly saccharides - very long sugar chains. Typical structural features of sugar monomers carbonyl group (either ketone or aldehyde) lots of -oh groups. Vary in length of carbon skeleton (c3, c5, c6, ) Can be converted to a different sugar simply by switching the orientations of specific. Monosaccharides often form rings in solution aldose and ketose: structural isomers both of these are trioses" (3 carbons) Structural isomer identical groups but bonded to different carbons. Stereo (optical) isomer identical groups bonded to same carbons but in different orientations.
