BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Endocytosis, Blood Sugar, Adenylyl Cyclase
24 Aug 2016
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Binding of growth factor changes conformation of the receptor allowing it to form a dimer. When it does, changes the conformation of ras and increases affinity for gtp. Each activated ras will activate a series of enzymes, depending on the caspase. Goal is to get map kinase activated. Calcium can: activate protein kinases, help with the krebs cascade, etc. Because it is a fatty acid anchored protein. Have a receptor for the ligand on the extracellular side. Alpha subunit is the one that will continue the cascade. Bind many different types of ligands camp pathway. Ligand binds to receptor and receptor changes conformation. The alpha subunit releases gdp, binds gtp, moves through the membrane and activates adenylate cyclase. When ligand bids to a g-protein coupled receptor, the alpha subunit inhibits adenylate cylclase, inhibiting the signal transduction pathway. Atp comes from the mitochondria and in plant cells chloroplasts. If there is no gtp available, it doesn"t work.
