BIO 3170 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Long Non-Coding Rna, 7Sk Rna, Dna Replication

64 views22 pages

bluesalmon544

17 Jan 2019

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Difference between transcription and translation: transcription occurs in the nucleus while translation occurs in the cytosol, transcription: from dna--> rna, translation: from rna--> amino-acid. Modifications have to be completed before you export the modified transcript into the cytosol. The different types of rna polymerases and of rna. Rna content in eukaryote cells: after conducting a study using sequencing methods, found that 85% of the genome is transcribed and only 2% lead to proteins. Types of eukaryote rna polymerases: there are 3 main types of rna polymerases, type l: mainly rrna except 5s, type ll: mainly mrna type lll: mainly trna or rrrna: 5s. Co-factors of eukaryote rna pol ll: >95 subunits ~2. 5mda: rna pol ll is a huge protein. Eukaryote rna pol (rnap) requires co-factors to bind to the dna template similar steps to prokaryotes, three steps for transcription: Initiation: very complex, begins when the rna pol binds to the promoter by recognizing the basal promoter unit.

Related Questions

Question 1

What type of bonding underlies base-pairing between DNA and RNA nucleotides?

Flag this Question

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT needed for DNA replication?

primer

helicase

promoter

dATP, dGTP, dTTP, dCTP

Mg+

Flag this Question

Question 3

Which of following can exhibit stem-loop structures?

Flag this Question

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT needed for transcription?

Flag this Question

Question 5

What role does DNA polymerase play in the central dogma?

DNA replication

DNA strand separation

Transcription

Reverse transcription

Translation

Flag this Question

Question 6

Where are mRNAâs synthesized in eukaryotes?

What step in DNA replication precedes the pairing of complementary bases?

	A.	polymerization of DNA.
	B.	formation of the histone core.
	C.	mitotic division.
	D.	separation of the two strands.
	E.	joining of the two strands.

In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the

	A.	ribosome.
	B.	mitochondria.
	C.	cell membrane.
	D.	cytoplasm.
	E.	nucleus.

Normal human body cells contain how many chromosomes?

	A.	46
	B.	22
	C.	23
	D.	44
	E.	42

Hershey and Chase performed an experiment in which they used radioactive isotopes to phosphorus and sulfur to label different components of bacterial viruses. Their results clearly showed that

	A.	the viruses did not contain protein.
	B.	genetic material normally contains radioactive isotopes.
	C.	the viruses did not contain DNA.
	D.	protein was entering into the infected bacteria.
	E.	DNA was entering into the infected bacteria.

A package of histones with DNA wrapped around them forms spherical structures called

	A.	nucleosomes.
	B.	lysosomes.
	C.	ribosomes.
	D.	nucleoli.
	E.	chromatin.

DNA replication

	A.	does not require proteins.
	B.	is constantly happening in a cell.
	C.	occurs in G1 of interphase.
	D.	takes place in the nucleus of the cell.
	E.	occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.

The two subunits of the ribosome join during

	A.	promotion of transcription.
	B.	initiation of translation.
	C.	termination of transcription.
	D.	termination of translation.
	E.	elongation.

DNA replication of a single DNA molecule is referred to as semiconservative because

	A.	each of the two DNA molecules will consist of one parental strand and one newly synthesized strand.
	B.	all the DNA strands in the two DNA molecules will have both parental and newly synthesized DNA.
	C.	it results in two nonidentical DNA molecules.
	D.	of the two DNA molecules, one is made up totally of parental DNA, while the other is entirely newly synthesized DNA.
	E.	one DNA strand is replicated continuously, while the other must be replicated discontinuously.

The bases are bonded to what part of the backbone of the DNA molecule?

	A.	the 4â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.
	B.	the 3â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.
	C.	the 5â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.
	D.	the 1â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.
	E.	the 2â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

BIO 3170 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Long Non-Coding Rna, 7Sk Rna, Dna Replication

Document Summary

Get access

Related textbook solutions

Molecular Cell Biology

Biology: Science for Life with Physiology

Concepts of Biology

Biology

Essentials of Biology

Related Documents

BIO 3170 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Non-Coding Rna, Ribosomal Rna, Dna Replication

BIO 3170 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: System For Information On Grey Literature In Europe, Fot, Pyrophosphate

BIO 3170 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: 7Sk Rna, Rna-Seq, Rifampicin

Related Questions