PHA 3112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Muscle Hypertrophy, Spirometry
3 Apr 2019
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Document Summary
S/s include breathlessness, chest tightness, pressure, pain, wheezing, cough, dyspnea. Underlying cause is inflammatory attack on and resulting inflammation of airways. Drug therapy is highly effective, and most patients can lead full lives with no limitations. Allergen is known in half of children and some adults but in others the allergen may be unknown, or not triggered by an allergen: pathophysiology: allergen binds to ige to mast cell and activates it. Inflammatory mediators (histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, interleukins) released, resulting in bronchoconstriction and inflammation. Inflammation leads to edema, mucus plugs, muscle hypertrophy to mild trigger factors: tx: with bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, management: measurement of lung function by spirometry forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow. Severity based on two domains: impairment of asthma on. Qol and functional capacity, and risk of future adverse events. Congestive obstructive pulmonary disease (copd): chronic widespread disorder of adults who smoke cigarettes. 2. 3 million affected leading to third leading cause of death.
