PHS 1200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Coronary Artery Disease, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Chronic Venous Insufficiency
9 Feb 2017
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Phs4300 pathophysiology: cardiovascular system lecture 1 of 2. Any decrease in supply of oxygen: hypoxia: anemia = decreased hemoglobin (can be from blood loss or low iron, impaired lung function (eg. asthma, arterial obstruction: ischemia. Leads to venous engorgement (edema), decreased removal of co2 wastes. Allow excess fluid/plasma to diffuse between capillaries, interstitial spaces, and lymphatic vessels: also plays key role in immune systems. Stationary blood clot in artery, vein, or on wall of the heart: pathologically formed: not normal/physiologic homeostatic mechanism. Made up of aggregated platelets, clotting factors, fibrin. Causes: atherosclerosis, after a myocardial infarction, damage to/replacement of heart valve, drugs (oral contraceptives, decreased venous blood flow (ex. Immobilization, shock: iv catheters, disseminated intravascular coagulation, abnormal heart rhythms. Risk factors: dehydration, heart failure, shock, angina, trauma, surgery, smoking, sedentary lifestyle. Clinical manifestations: arterial: intermittent claudication (activity pain, venous: none/edema/life threatening pulmonary embolism. Interventions: address risk factors, prevent with anticoagulant drugs, (cid:498)clot busters(cid:499, surgical removal.
