PHS 4300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Mitral Valve Prolapse, Mitral Valve Stenosis, Diastolic Heart Failure
17 Oct 2017
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Document Summary
Incidence increased rapidly during the 20th century, but today it has decreased, due to improved rx/prevention. Diseases of the layers of the heart (cardiac valve and other endocardial diseases, as well as diseases of the myocardium and pericardium. Atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease (ascvd) risk assess. +ve risk factors: increasing age, african descent, hypertension, diabetes, cigarette smoking, low hdl cholesterol. Lipids (cholesterol/triglycerides) move in blood within lipoproteins. Surface apolipoproteins (apo) direct binding to peripheral tissue (eg blood vessels/liver). Atherosclerotic plaque formation: chronic endothelium injury occurs (htn, hyperlipidemia, Pathophysiology of ischemia (restriction of blood supply to tissues) Plaques generally increase in size over the course of many years, and can cause significant flow reduction when the plaque occupies >/= The plaques may be located anywhere within the three major coronary arteries/secondary branches. With time, alternative collateral" pathways can develop as a result to help (we can imitate this through surgery): preserving flow despite total occlusion of coronary artery.
