PSYB04H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Formal System, Demand Characteristics, Repeated Measures Design
Document Summary
Basic experimental design: one independent variable with two levels, one dependent variable, a level is the different conditions in the independent variable, here we have three levels: no drug, placebo, and cocaine. Independent and dependent variables: manipulated variable is the independent variable, the measured variable is the dependent variable, or outcome variable, a study"s independent variable should not be confused with its levels, which are also referred to as conditions. Independent variable is almost always on the x-axis, and the dependent variable is almost always on the y-axis. Control variables: any variable that an experimenter holds constant on purpose is called a control variable. Experiments establish temporal precedence: temporal precedence: causal variable come before the effect (dependent) variable, by manipulating the independent variable, the experimenter virtually ensures that the cause comes before the effect. Independent-groups vs. within-groups designs: independent-groups design, in which different groups of participants are placed into different levels of the independent variable.
