Document Summary

Union initiated: refusal to work by members of the bargaining unit. Strikes are carried out by employees with a common understanding and involves refusal to work and restricting/limiting output. Employer initiated: employer refuses to allow bargaining unit members to work. Employer tactic to prevent employees from entering the workplace. Note: 87% of stoppages were strikes (union initiated) and 13% were lockouts (employer initiated) between 2003 and 2005 in canada. Distinctions between strikes and lockouts can be ambiguous. Strikes means strikes and lockouts in this section . In order to place the time lost (in person-days) in context two alternative relative measures of strike activity are often used: Time-loss ratio = person-days lost per ee (or 1000 ees) Person days lost as a percentage of working time. Note: one day lost to strikes per year per ee equals 0. 40 % of working time (assuming 250 working days per year). Strikes and lockouts: 1980 to 2010 (>1 ees)

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