PHL101Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Gettier Problem, Second Cup, Peter Mansbridge
Document Summary
Here, as a reminder, is the jtb analysis of (factual) knowledge: S knows p if and only if (i) p is true, (ii) s believes p, and (iii) s is justified in believing p. As we have seen, gettier"s cases seem to show that this analysis fails since someone could satisfy all three conditions with respect to a given proposition p without knowing p. The lesson many philosophers drew from this is that there must be a fourth condition on knowledge. Here are several of the proposals that were considered in the wake of gettier"s article. Proposal 1: k = jtb + infallible evidence. The idea here is that justification is necessary for knowledge but one is only ever justified in believing p when one"s evidence for believing p guarantees p"s truth. Basic idea: some evidence for believing p guarantees p when one"s having that evidence is all by itself sufficient for p"s truth.
