PHL100Y1 Lecture Notes - Psychology, Presupposition
Document Summary
[1] recall nietzsche"s aim in the second essay: to explore the long history of the origins of responsibility ( 2). [2] in 16 of the second essay, nietzsche proposes his theory: that bad conscience" evolved as a response to, well, civilization: In short, the attempt to maintain a peaceful common existence required humans to regulate their impulses, or at least to prevent them from acting on them. The development of memory, so that we recall the pain that would accompany the discharge of one of our impulses, causes us to prevent their discharge. But, nietzsche reasons, the impulse does no go away; instead, it is directed inwardly, again oneself, to set in train the internalization of man as he calls it. [3] guilt, then, is the product of turning our primitive outward-directed impulses of domination inward. (freud would later offer much the same analysis. ) But this is not merely an individual phenomenon.
