PSY270H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Habituation, Epiphenomenon, Visual Cortex
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Approaches to categorization: definitional: the idea that we have some internal mental dictionary of what an object is. This doesn"t always work because it hard to have definition that encompasses all aspects of an object (e. g. game) Porotype: some members of a category are more central than others. Exemplar: individuals make category judgments by comparing new stimuli with instances already stored in memory. The i(cid:374)sta(cid:374)ce stored i(cid:374) (cid:373)e(cid:373)or(cid:455) is the (cid:862)e(cid:454)e(cid:373)plar(cid:863) Typicality: individuals respond more quickly to typical examples of a category than they would to examples that are considered atypical. Prototype is the avg (most central) object while exemplar is a memory stored to represent an new stimuli. Porotype and exemplar approaches focus on how we categorize based on just outside appearance (not functionality) Hierarchical semantic network: hierarchical semantic network employs the principle of cognitive economy: This theory helps explain empirical results seen in fast sentence verification task but does not explain typicality effect.
