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Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Kinetochore, Metaphase, Karyotype

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15 Mar 2016

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Western University

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Document Summary

Genetic material is passed on from one generation to the next. Evolution is only possible because there is variation in the genetic. A genome is all of the dna sequence of one copy of an organism"s chromosomes. Prokaryotes have circular dna, it is thought that earlier life-forms all had circular dna. It broke off and evolved into the linear dna in eukaryotes. N represents one copy of all of an organism;s nuclear chromosomes. (ie. one set of chromosomes). Gametes have (n, haploid) because a partner will provide the other set of chromosomes. C represents the amount of dna in one set of an organism"s chromosome (how much it is weighed). Great damage to its genome, distribution to the cell cycle, Checkpoints regulate progress through the cell cycle. Cells do not enter s-phase before they repair damage to the genetic info. Cells do not enter mitosis before they are ready (chromosome condensed, fibers)

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Related Questions

You have been chosen to join a team of scientists investigating the arrival of a space probe from an unknown planet. The denizens of this planet sent along some representative organisms. Genetic studies reveal that one of the organisms has three separate sets of DNA. Explain these findings in light of your knowledge of genetics.

a

This organism is may have evolved three sets of DNA through endosymbiotic events much like plants did to have nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast DNAs.

b	This organism is not likely to be aneuploid because all members of its species also have three sets of chromosomes

c	This organism could be a polyploid but only if all three sets or DNA consist of homologous chromosomes.

d	All of the above are good explanations of these findings.

Which statement is not correct?

Mutations change the sequence of nucleotides in DNA.

Mutations can be caused by mistakes made during the copying ofDNA.

Mutations can be caused by toxic chemicals in theenvironment.

Mutations are not random.

Mutations can change the function of proteins.

Mutations are the basis for all of the genetic diversity thatexists.

Which statement is not correct?

Chromosomes contain genes.

Chromosomes are made of DNA wrapped around protein.

Eukaryotes have many, linear chromosomes in their cells.

Different species can have a different number ofchromosomes.

DNA is made by putting a string of amino acids together.

Which statement is not correct?

Cells with homologous chromosomes are diploid

Cells with homologous chromosomes are haploid

Gametes are haploid

Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes in theirnucleus.

Which is not a good example of alleles?

Brown hair and red hair, for the hair gene.

Stripes and no stripes, for a striped gene.

Ear lobe gene and freckles gene.

Straight nose and pug nose, for a nose gene.

indigowildebeest594

What is the purpose of meiosis?

To enable an organism to produce gametes

To allow for growth

To allow an organism to replace damaged cells

Question 2

Select one answer.

10 points

Mitosis results in ________ and meiosis results in ________.

gametes, somatic cells

gametes, gametes

somatic cells, somatic cells

somatic cells, gametes

Question 3

Select one answer.

10 points

Which of the following tasks is accomplished through the processof meiosis?

Cell growth

Production of sperm or eggs

Replacement of dysfunctional cells

Question 4

Select one answer.

10 points

What advantage does sexual reproduction have over asexualreproduction?

All other selections are true.

Sexual reproduction provides more genetic variability

Sexual reproduction doubles the number of chromosomes in aspecies

Sexual reproduction is more efficient

Question 5

Select one answer.

10 points

Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes during whatstage of cell division? (Read each option carefully.)

Prophase I of meiosis

Prophase of mitosis

Prophase II of meiosis

Interphase

Question 6

Select one answer.

10 points

Corn has 20 chromosomes. When corn undergoes meiosis how manychromosomes are found in the gametes?

40

20

10

5

Question 7

Select one answer.

10 points

Homologous chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite sidesof the cell during what stage of cell division? (Read each optioncarefully.)

Metaphase I of meiosis

Anaphase II of meiosis

Anaphase I of meiosis

Anaphase of mitosis

Question 8

Select one answer.

10 points

Mitosis results in ______ cells and meiosis results in _______cells.

diploid, haploid

haploid, diploid

diploid, diploid

haploid, haploid